In the past, jasełka (nativity scenes) were called the Bethlehem nursery, then figurines related to the birth of Christ, and from the 16th century a folk spectacle related to Christmas. In the biography of Bishop Grzegorz of Sanok, Filippo Buonaccorsi wrote about nativity plays in Franciscan churches: On Christmas Day,

Maria Jarema called Jaremianka was a painter and sculptor. She was born in 1908 in Stary Sambor, and died in 1958 in Kraków. For 7 years she studied sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow, later she studied in Paris and Vienna. From 1934 she worked as a

Saint John Kanty was a preacher, copyist and professor of theology at the Krakow Academy (Polish: Akademia Krakowska, which is now called the Jagiellonian University). He lived at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. He died in 1473 in Kraków. For 8 years he was the rector of

Maciej Jakubowski was a pediatrician and a professor at the Jagiellonian University. He was born in 1837 in Krakow and died there in 1915. He studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, and later in Vienna, Prague and Paris. In 1864 he founded the first Department of Paediatrics at the Jagiellonian

Robert Jahoda was an outstanding bookbinder and creator of artistic bindings. He was born in 1862 in Bochnia, died in 1947 in Krakow. He learned his profession in Kraków, Tarnów, Lviv and Vienna. In 1887 he founded a bookbinding publishing house in Krakow, which was also a meeting place for

Priest, Dominican, missionary, doctor of theology and philosophy. He was born in 1883 in the Opole region, died in 1257 in Kraków. He came from the powerful Odrowąż family. He studied in the Czech Republic, then in Paris and Italy. He obtained a doctorate in philosophy and theology at the

The Chamber of Commerce and Industry is located at 3 Floriańska Street in Krakow. Its dates back to the last century. November 14, 1850 in the government authorities’ house at the church of St. Piotr at ul. Grodzka 52, the first, constitutional meeting of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Moses Isserles was a rabbi, Talmudist, philosopher and writer. He was born in 1525 in Kraków and died there in 1572. His ancestors came from Germany. His father – Izrael Isserles, expelled from Regensburg in 1519, came to Krakow and here in Kazimierz he remained engaged in trade and crafts,

In 1811 at the Krakow National Guard was formed band called janczarska (without drums). When the Russians entered Krakow in 1813, the National Guard was dissolved. However, when in 1815 the “provisional” militia was established – the band reappeared here. In 1817 a municipal militia was finally formed under the

The Hutten-Czapski family is a magnate family of merit for Kraków and the National Museum. They came from Pomerania, and later from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1903, the Hutten-Czapski family donated a beautiful palace at Józefa Piłsudskiego Street to the National Museum. On the façade of the building